NITI Aayog, CBI, CVC and others — bodies created by ordinary law or executive resolution, not by the Constitution itself.
Non-constitutional bodies are created either by an ordinary Act of Parliament (making them "statutory bodies") or by a mere executive resolution of the government, without any specific law. Because they don't come from the Constitution, Parliament can alter or abolish them far more easily than it could a constitutional body.
Set up in 2015 by an executive (Cabinet) resolution, replacing the Planning Commission. It is a policy think tank, not a body with the power to allocate funds to states — unlike the Planning Commission, which controlled Five-Year Plan financing.
Derives its powers from the Delhi Special Police Establishment (DSPE) Act, 1946 — a colonial-era law, not a purpose-built statute. This unusual legal basis is part of why the CBI has often been called a "caged parrot" by courts, due to concerns over its independence from the government.
Originally set up by executive resolution in 1964; given statutory status by the CVC Act, 2003. Oversees vigilance and anti-corruption work in central government organisations.
NHRC was established under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. The Lokpal, an anti-corruption ombudsman for the Union, was created by the Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013.
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