Bodies whose existence and powers come directly from the text of the Constitution itself.
A constitutional body is one created directly by a provision of the Constitution — its existence, composition and core powers cannot be changed without a constitutional amendment. This is different from a "statutory body" (created by an ordinary Act of Parliament) or an executive resolution body — covered in the next topic.
Superintends, directs and controls elections to Parliament, State Legislatures, and the offices of President and Vice-President. Composition: one Chief Election Commissioner and such number of other Election Commissioners as the President may fix.
Conduct examinations for appointments to civil services and advise the government on service matters, including disciplinary cases.
Often called the "guardian of the public purse," the CAG audits all receipts and expenditure of the Union and State governments and submits reports that are placed before Parliament/State Legislatures.
Constituted by the President every five years (or earlier if needed) to recommend how tax revenues should be distributed between the Union and the States, and among the States themselves.
The Attorney General is the Union government's chief legal advisor; the Advocate General performs the equivalent role for a State.
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