The UN's 17-goal blueprint for 2030 — and how India tracks its own progress against it.
Adopted by all UN member states in 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sets out 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets, succeeding the earlier Millennium Development Goals (MDGs, 2000-2015). The goals span poverty, hunger, health, education, gender equality, clean water, climate action, and more — with an emphasis on being universal (applying to developed and developing countries alike) and integrated (goals are interlinked).
NITI Aayog publishes the annual SDG India Index, scoring and ranking every State and Union Territory on their progress across the SDGs — intended to foster competitive and cooperative federalism in achieving the goals.
Inclusive growth refers to economic growth that creates opportunities for all sections of society and distributes the benefits of growth equitably — it was a central theme of India's 11th and 12th Five-Year Plans, and remains a guiding principle for NITI Aayog's policy approach, alongside sustainability.
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