Part of International Relations — Global Issues. Common notes for UPSC Mains GS-II.
UPSC
📌 Background & Key Features
Renewed pressures: Conflict-driven displacement (Syria pre-2024, ongoing Sudan/Sahel crises) combined with economic migration continues to strain EU asylum systems and fuel far-right political gains across member states.
Syria angle: Post-Assad Syria has seen 1.4 million refugees return since Dec 2024, but 3.7 million remain abroad (many in Europe), and EU states are debating conditional return policies as Syria stabilises (Part 5.3).
Political spillover: Migration remains a central driver of EU political fragmentation, directly affecting the UK-EU Brexit "reset" negotiations (youth mobility scheme visa caps, Schengen-adjacent access debates — Part 5.10).
