Geomorphic and Climatic Hazards

Quick-reference summary — for full depth, see our detailed UPSC notes.

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📖 Quick summary

India is split into 4 seismic zones (II-V); Zone V (highest risk) covers the Himalayas, North-East, Kutch and Andaman & Nicobar. Barren Island is India's only active volcano. The east coast is far more cyclone-prone than the west, due to the Bay of Bengal's cyclone-generating conditions.

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💡 Key Facts

Seismic Zone V = Himalayas, NE, Kutch, A&N Islands.
Barren Island = only active volcano.
East coast >> west coast for cyclone frequency.

🔖 60-Second Revision

Zone V = highest earthquake risk; Bay of Bengal = more cyclones than Arabian Sea side.